Functional Ankle Instability: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

Functional Ankle Instability

Functional Ankle Instability: When Your Ankle Feels Unstable

Do you sometimes feel like your ankle is rolling inward when you walk?

If so, you might have functional ankle instability (FAI)—a condition where your ankle feels unstable, even though the joint itself is stable.

This differs from pure ankle instability, which has a mechanical cause, such as loose ligaments on the outside of the ankle that fail to support the joint properly.

The Impact of Functional Ankle Instability During Activity

Even simple activities, such as walking, can be challenging for individuals with functional ankle instability.

They may not sense that their ankle has turned inward before taking the next step. This can easily lead to missteps and reinjury of the ankle.

In this article, we’ll discuss:

  • Symptoms of Functional Ankle Instability
  • Causes of FAI
  • Treatment options

Symptoms of Functional Ankle Instability

Functional ankle instability can be frustrating.

Here’s what you might experience:

  • Sharp Pain: You may feel a sudden, sharp pain in your ankle.
  • Looseness: Sharp pain or a sensation of looseness when holding the ankle in certain positions.
  • Discomfort: Discomfort can be caused by issues inside the ankle joint, such as arthritis or nerve damage.

Causes of Functional Ankle Instability

The development of functional ankle instability is not entirely clear.

  • Distorted Perception
  • Poor Balance and Coordination
  • Inversion Tendencies

– Distorted Perception

Sometimes, after recovering from an ankle sprain, people experience a distorted perception of their ankle’s position relative to the rest of the body.

This distorted perception can make the ankle feel unstable, even when it isn’t.

These inaccurate sensations may impair balance and coordination, increasing the likelihood of recurrent ankle injuries.

For example, a tendency to turn the ankle inward (inversion) is common after a prior injury.

– Poor Balance and Coordination

When you have functional ankle instability, your ability to sense the exact position of your ankle might be compromised.

This lack of sensory feedback can make it hard for you to gauge whether your ankle is aligned properly.

As a result:

  • Missteps: You might not realize when your ankle is in a bad position until it’s too late, leading to awkward or off-balance steps.
  • Increased Risk of Injury: Poor balance and coordination make you more likely to stumble or fall, increasing the chance of further ankle injuries or sprains.

– Inversion Tendencies

After an ankle injury, your body might develop a tendency to turn your ankle inward, a movement known as inversion.

This tendency can make you feel unstable for several reasons:

  • Altered Gait: You may unconsciously adjust your walking pattern to avoid discomfort, leading to frequent inward rolling of the ankle.
  • Muscle Weakness: The muscles and ligaments around the ankle may be weakened from the injury, making it easier for your ankle to roll inward.
  • Perception of Instability: This frequent inversion can create a feedback loop where you feel your ankle is unstable, even if it’s structurally sound.

 

Treatment Options for Functional Ankle Instability

There are several treatments that can help reduce the tendency toward inversion and improve neuromuscular performance:

  • Taping the ankle: Provides additional support and helps keep the foot in a neutral position, rather than an inverted one.
  • Strengthening exercises: These exercises focus on the muscles around the ankle to improve stability.
  • Balance and coordination exercises: Activities such as standing on one foot with eyes closed help retrain the body to improve balance, enhancing coordination and reducing the risk of reinjury.

In addition to these treatments, physical therapy offers a comprehensive approach to managing functional ankle instability.

Benefits of Physical Therapy for Functional Ankle Instability

Physical therapy can make your ankle feel more stable, alleviate pain, and boost your confidence in your daily activities. It’s a proactive way to improve your ankle health and overall well-being.

– Personalized Exercises

Physical therapy can be a game-changer for managing functional ankle instability.

Working with a physical therapist provides you with customized exercises tailored to your specific needs. These exercises are designed to strengthen the muscles around your ankle and improve your balance and coordination.

– Improved Stability and Reduced Injury Risk

Through targeted therapy, you can regain a sense of stability and significantly reduce the chances of future injuries.

Your physical therapist will also help you correct any abnormal gait patterns, which can decrease the tendency to roll your ankle inward.

– Enhanced Confidence and Pain Relief

Overall, physical therapy can make your ankle feel more stable and alleviate pain.

It’s a proactive approach that boosts your confidence in daily activities and helps you take control of your ankle health.

With the right therapy, you’ll feel more comfortable and secure as you go about your day.

 

Did you know you have Direct Access* to Physical Therapy? No referral, no problem!

 

Improving Your Ankle’s Health

No matter which treatment you choose for functional ankle instability, a consistent regimen of exercises can help make your ankle feel more stable, relieve pain, and improve its overall health.

With the right support and your commitment, you can feel more comfortable pursuing your daily activities and reduce the risk of further injury.

Let’s work together to find the right solution for you. Reach out now to discuss how personalized treatments and physical therapy can make a real difference in your daily life.

The Jackson Clinics serves 18 locations throughout Northern Virginia.

Find one near you: https://thejacksonclinics.com/locations/