Jersey finger is a hand injury common among athletes who participate in tackle sports such as football and rugby. It occurs when a player grabs an opponent, entangling his or her finger in the jersey. As a result, the finger tip, or distal interphalangeal joint, is hyperextended, and the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon attaching the joint to the rest of the finger is torn or ruptured. The most obvious symptom of jersey finger is the inability to bend the tip of the finger toward the palm without assistance. Pain, swelling and a lump in the palm of the hand are other symptoms.
About three-quarters of jersey finger injuries affect the ring finger. Jersey finger injuries can be divided into three types:
- Type 1: The FDP tendon is torn but not ruptured
- Type 2: The FDP tendon is fully ruptured
- Type 3: The FDP tendon ruptures and pulls a chip off the bone where it was attached
Prompt treatment of jersey finger is essential for complete and timely recovery. Delay prolongs rehabilitation. Nearly all cases of significant jersey finger require surgery. Because early motion of the healing finger is critical, passive flexion exercises begin about one week after surgery. These exercises, along with strengthening exercises using putty and hand therapy balls, can alleviate stiffness and reduced range of motion, frequent complications of finger surgery. Care must be taken not to introduce too much stress too early, or healing will be slowed. Physical therapy can also reduce the risk of repeat injury. We will work with your physician to design an appropriate exercise program that will help restore finger range of motion, as well as pinch and grip strength to your finger. Although most people recover full hand function following a jersey finger injury, they typically cannot return to playing sports for four to six months. In the meantime, regaining the use of your fingers will enhance your quality of life and allow you to perform daily activities free of pain and with maximum flexibility.
